Mesh Quality#

After mesh generation, the Mesh Quality tab displays comprehensive quality metrics. Good mesh quality is essential for solver stability and accurate results.

Quality Metrics#

Skewness#

Measures how much a cell deviates from its ideal shape (e.g., a perfect hexahedron or tetrahedron).

Range

Rating

Impact

0.0 – 0.25

Excellent

Ideal for all solvers

0.25 – 0.50

Good

No issues expected

0.50 – 0.85

Acceptable

May slow convergence slightly

0.85 – 1.0

Poor

Can cause convergence failure

Target

Maximum skewness should be below 0.85 throughout the mesh. Cartesian cells in the block AMR hierarchy have zero skewness by construction — poor skewness values only appear at cut-cells adjacent to geometry surfaces.

Non-Orthogonality#

The angle between the face normal vector and the vector connecting adjacent cell centers. Lower is better.

Range

Rating

Impact

0° – 45°

Excellent

Fast convergence

45° – 70°

Good

Standard for most solvers

70° – 85°

Acceptable

May need non-orthogonal correctors

> 85°

Poor

Solver instability likely

Aspect Ratio#

The ratio of the longest cell dimension to the shortest.

  • Volume cells: Should be below 10 for the bulk mesh

  • Near-wall cut-cells: High aspect ratios are expected and acceptable in cells with aggressive near-wall AMR refinement — this is by design

Cell Volume#

All cells must have positive volume. Negative or zero-volume cells indicate a mesh error and must be resolved before simulation.

Quality Report#

The Mesh Quality tab shows:

  1. Summary statistics — Total cell count, min/max/mean of each metric

  2. Histograms — Distribution of cells across quality ranges for each metric

  3. Threshold indicators — Visual markers showing what percentage of cells fall in each quality category

Interpreting Results#

Healthy Mesh#

  • 95% of cells rated “Excellent” or “Good”

  • Maximum skewness < 0.85

  • Maximum non-orthogonality < 70°

  • No negative volumes

Marginal Mesh#

  • 80–95% of cells rated “Excellent” or “Good”

  • A small number of poor-quality cells (< 1%)

  • May need non-orthogonal correctors enabled in solver settings

Poor Mesh#

  • Many cells with high skewness or non-orthogonality

  • Likely to cause solver divergence

  • Consider adjusting mesh settings and regenerating

Improving Mesh Quality#

If quality is not satisfactory:

Issue

Solution

High skewness near geometry

Increase surface refinement AMR level

High non-orthogonality at transitions

Increase AMR levels for smoother size transitions between blocks

Very small cut-cell volume fraction

Geometry has tiny slivers — simplify or repair the surface

Negative volumes

Check geometry for self-intersections and repair

Poor quality in narrow gaps

Increase gap refinement AMR level or simplify geometry

Quality vs. Cell Count Trade-off#

Higher quality generally requires more cells:

  • More AMR levels → Smoother transitions → Better quality

  • Smaller base cell size → More uniform sizing → Better quality

  • Higher surface refinement → Better cut-cell quality near geometry

Balance quality against your cell count budget and available compute credits.

Tip

The AI Assistant can interpret your quality report and suggest specific improvements. Ask: “How can I improve the mesh quality?”